Canine IL-21 Antibody

Catalog #: AF5849 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
AF5849
AF5849-SP

Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑21 and Neutralization by Canine IL‑21 Antibody.

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Canine IL-21 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity

Canine

Specificity

Detects canine IL-21 in direct ELISAs. In direct ELISAs, approximately 35% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IL-21 is observed, and less than 3% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse IL-21 is observed.

Source

Polyclonal Sheep IgG

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant canine IL-21
His18-Ser146
Accession # NP_001003347

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Applications

Recommended Concentration

Sample

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize IL‑21-induced proliferation in the N1186 human T cell line. Parrish-Novak, J. et al. (2000) Nature 408:57. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 2-10 µg/mL in the presence of 10 ng/mL Recombinant Canine IL‑21.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Neutralization

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Cell Proliferation Induced by IL‑21 and Neutralization by Canine IL‑21 Antibody. Recombinant Canine IL-21 (Catalog # 5849-ML) induces proliferation in the N1186 human T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Canine IL-21 (10 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Sheep Anti-Canine IL-21 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF5849). The ND₅₀ is typically 2-10 µg/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution

Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL.

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IL-21

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is a 14 kDa (predicted) four-helix-bundle cytokine and member of the IL-15/IL-21 family. It is made by activated CD4⁺ T cells, activated NKT cells, T helper (Th) cells, and Th17 cells (1‑5). Canine IL-21 is synthesized as a 146 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 17 aa signal sequence and a 129 aa mature chain. Mature canine IL-21 is 86%, 73%, 66%, and 64% aa identical to mature bovine, human, mouse and rat IL-21, respectively. IL-21 binds to a heterodimeric receptor, which is formed by the common gamma -chain subunit (CD134), shared with IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-15 receptors, and its own receptor, IL‑21 R, a member of the class I cytokine receptor family (1‑2). IL-21 R is expressed on a variety of immune cells, including B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and NK cells, as well as non-immune cells, such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells (1‑2, 5). Binding of IL-21 to its receptor leads to the activation of members of the JAK-family protein tyrosine kinases, JAK1 and JAK3, and signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) molecules (1). IL-21 regulates activation, proliferation, and survival of both CD4⁺ T cells and B cells, the functional activity of CD8⁺ T cells and NK cells, and limits the differentiation of inducible regulatory T cells and counteracts their suppressive properties on effector T cells (1, 5‑6). IL-21 also negatively regulates the maturation and function of dendritic cells (1, 5‑6). IL‑21 also plays a role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, Helicobacter pylori‑related gastritis, celiac disease, type I diabetes mellitus, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (1). IL‑21 is also involved in controlling chronic viral infections (7).

References