Human/Mouse Insulin R/CD220 APC-conjugated Antibody Summary
His28-Lys944
Accession # NP_001073285
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
Detection of Insulin R/CD220 in Human Blood Monocytes by Flow Cytometry. Human peripheral blood monocytes were stained with Goat Anti-Human/Mouse Insulin R/CD220 APC-conjugated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB1544A, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC108A, open histogram). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
Detection of Insulin R/CD220 in Neuro‑2A Mouse Cell Line by Flow Cytometry. Neuro-2A mouse neuroblastoma cell line was stained with Goat Anti-Human/Mouse Insulin R/CD220 APC-conjugated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB1544A, filled histogram) or isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC108A, open histogram). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.
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Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
Background: Insulin R/CD220
The Insulin Receptor (INS R) and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1 R) constitute a subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (1‑4). The two receptors share structural similarity as well as overlapping intracellular signaling events, and are believed to have evolved through gene duplication from a common ancestral gene. INS R cDNA encodes a type I transmembrane single chain preproprotein with a putative 27 amino acid residues (aa) signal peptide. The large INS R extracellular domain is organized into two successive homologous globular domains, which are separated by a Cysteine-rich domain, followed by three fibronectin type III domains. The intracellular region contains the kinase domain sandwiched between the juxtamembrane domain used for docking insulin-receptor substrates (IRS), and the carboxy-terminal tail that contains two phosphotyrosine-binding sites. After synthesis, the single chain INS R precursor is glycosylated, dimerized and transported to the Golgi apparatus where it is processed at a furin-cleavage site within the middle fibronectin type III domain to generate the mature disulfide-linked alpha 2 beta 2 tetrameric receptor. The alpha subunit is localized extracellularly and mediates ligand binding while the transmembrane beta subunit contains the cytoplasmic kinase domain and mediates intracellular signaling. As a result of alternative splicing, two INS R isoforms (A and B) that differ by the absence or presence, respectively, of a 12 aa residue sequence in the carboxyl terminus of the alpha subunit exist. Whereas the A isoform is predominantly expressed in fetal tissues and cancer cells, the B isoform is primarily expressed in adult differentiated cells. Both the A and B isoforms bind insulin with high-affinity, but the A isoform has considerably higher affinity for IGF‑I and IGF‑II. Ligand binding induces a conformational change of the receptor, resulting in ATP binding, autophosphorylation, and subsequent downstream signaling. INS R signaling is important in metabolic regulation, but may also contribute to cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Mutations in the INS R gene have been linked to insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and leprechaunism, an extremely rare disorder characterized by abnormal resistance to insulin that results in a variety of distinguishing characteristics, including growth delays and abnormalities affecting the endocrine system. INS R is highly conserved between species, rat INS R shares 94% and 97% aa sequence homology with the human and mouse receptor, respectively.
- Nakae, J. et al. (2001) Endoc. Rev. 22:818.
- De Meyts, P. and J. Whittaker (2002) Nature Rev. Drug Disc. 1:769.
- Kim, J.J. and D. Accili (2002) Growth Hormone and IGF Res. 12:84.
- Sciacca, L. et al. (2003) Endocrinology 144:2650.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human/Mouse Insulin R/CD220 APC-conjugated Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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SMPDL3b modulates insulin receptor signaling in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: A Mitrofanov, SK Mallela, GM Ducasa, TH Yoo, E Rosenfeld-, ID Zelnik, J Molina, J Varona San, M Ge, A Sloan, JJ Kim, C Pedigo, J Bryn, I Volosenco, C Faul, YH Zeidan, C Garcia Her, AJ Mendez, I Leibiger, GW Burke, AH Futerman, L Barisoni, Y Ishimoto, R Inagi, S Merscher, A Fornoni
Nat Commun, 2019-06-19;10(1):2692.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Picropodophyllin (PPP) is a potent rhabdomyosarcoma growth inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo
Authors: M Tarnowski, M Tkacz, K Zgutka, J Bujak, P Kopytko, A Pawlik
BMC Cancer, 2017-08-09;17(1):532.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
A pathobiological role of the insulin receptor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Clin. Cancer Res., 2011-02-09;17(9):2679-92.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry
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