Recombinant Human FGF-21 Protein Summary
Product Specifications
His29-Ser209, with a N-terminal 5-His tag
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2539-FG
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, Na2SO4, EDTA and DTT with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
2539-FG/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, Na2SO4, EDTA and DTT. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Scientific Data
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Recombinant Human FGF-21 (Catalog # 2539-FG) stimulates cell proliferation of the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human FGF RIIIc. The ED50 for this effect is 0.06-0.4 µg/mL in the presence of Recombinant Mouse Klotho beta (Catalog # 2619-KB).
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1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human FGF-21 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 24 kDa.
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: FGF-21
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is a member of the FGF gene family, which currently contains 22 human members. Based on its structure, it is further classified as an FGF19 subfamily member. This subfamily includes FGF-19, -21, and -23. Like all other FGF subfamilies, FGF-19 subfamily members contain a 120 amino acid (aa) core FGF domain that exhibits a beta -trefoil structure (1, 2). Unlike other FGF subfamilies, FGF-19 subfamily members apparently exhibit poor binding to ECM, resulting in highly diffusible molecules (3). The c-DNA for FGF-21 predicts a 209 aa polypeptide that contains a 28 aa signal sequence and a 181 aa mature region (4). Notably, FGF-21, as well as FGF-19 show limited binding to heparin (4). One potential alternate splice form has been reported. It shows a 43 aa substitution for the C-terminal 12 aa of the standard form (5). Mature human FGF-21 shows 81% aa identity to mouse FGF-21, and is known to be active on mouse cells (4, 6). The FGF-19 subfamily is considered endocrine in nature. All three subfamily members impact some aspect of metabolism, all three are induced by a nuclear receptor heterodimer that includes RXR, and all three utilize Klotho family members for signal transduction (7, 8, 9). FGF-21 is produced by hepatocytes in response to free fatty acid (FFA) stimulation of a PPARa/RXR dimeric complex (3, 7, 10, 11). This situation occurs clinically during starvation, or following the ingestion of a high-fat/low-carbohydrate diet. Upon FGF-21 secretion, white adipose tissue is induced to release FFAs from triglyceride stores. Once FFAs reach hepatocytes, they are oxidized and reduced to acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA is recombined into 4-carbon ketone bodies (acetoacetate and beta -hydroxybutyrate), released, and transported to peripheral tissues for TCA processing and energy generation (11, 12).
- Itoh, N. and D.M. Ornitz (2004) Trends Genet. 20:563.
- Mohammadi, M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:107.
- Huang, X. et al. (2006) Mol. Carcinog. 45:934.
- Nishimura, T. et al. (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1492:203.
- GenBank Accession #: EAW52401 (2006).
- Ford, A.M. et al. (2005) J. Clin. Invest. 115:1627.
- Moore, D. D. (2007) Science 316:1436.
- Ogawa, Y. et al. (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:7432.
- Kurosu, H. et. al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:26687.
- Lundasen, T. et al. (2007) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 360:437.
- Badman, M.K. et al. (2007) Cell Metab. 5:426.
- Inagaki, T. et al. (2007) Cell Metab. 5:415.
Citations for Recombinant Human FGF-21 Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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FGF21-FGFR4 signaling in cardiac myocytes promotes concentric cardiac hypertrophy in mouse models of diabetes
Authors: C Yanucil, D Kentrup, X Li, A Grabner, K Schramm, EC Martinez, J Li, I Campos, B Czaya, K Heitman, D Westbrook, AR Wende, A Sloan, JM Roche, A Fornoni, MS Kapiloff, C Faul
Scientific Reports, 2022-05-05;12(1):7326.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Proteins
Applications: ELISA Capture -
Peripherally derived FGF21 promotes remyelination in the central nervous system
Authors: M Kuroda, R Muramatsu, N Maedera, Y Koyama, M Hamaguchi, H Fujimura, M Yoshida, M Konishi, N Itoh, H Mochizuki, T Yamashita
J. Clin. Invest., 2017-08-21;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Fibroblast Activation Protein Cleaves and Inactivates Fibroblast Growth Factor 21
Authors: DR Dunshee, TW Bainbridge, NM Kljavin, J Zavala-Sol, AC Schroeder, R Chan, R Corpuz, M Wong, W Zhou, G Deshmukh, J Ly, DP Sutherlin, JA Ernst, J Sonoda
J. Biol. Chem, 2016-01-21;291(11):5986-96.
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Unliganded fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 forms density-independent dimers.
Authors: Comps-Agrar L, Dunshee D, Eaton D, Sonoda J
J Biol Chem, 2015-08-13;290(40):24166-77.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Circulating alphaKlotho influences phosphate handling by controlling FGF23 production.
Authors: Smith R
J. Clin. Invest., 2012-11-26;122(12):4710-5.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
FGF19 Regulates Cell Proliferation, Glucose and Bile Acid Metabolism via FGFR4-Dependent and Independent Pathways.
Authors: Wu AL, Coulter S, Liddle C, Wong A, Eastham-Anderson J, French DM, Peterson AS, Sonoda J
PLoS ONE, 2011-03-18;6(3):e17868.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Altered splicing of FGFR1 is associated with high tumor grade and stage and leads to increased sensitivity to FGF1 in bladder cancer.
Authors: Tomlinson DC, Knowles MA
Am. J. Pathol., 2010-10-01;177(5):2379-86.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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