Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF

Catalog #: AVI8986 Datasheet / COA / SDS

Biotinylated

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AVI8986-050

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Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein Binding Activity

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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF Summary

Learn more about Avi-tag Biotinylated Proteins

Why choose R&D Systems Avi-tag PD-1 Protein?

Guaranteed Bioactivity and High Purity: Bioactivity tested by functional ELISA and purity determined by SDS-PAGE to be greater than 95%.
Lot-to-Lot Consistency: Stringent QC testing performed on each lot to ensure consistent activity and purity.
Bulk Quantities Available: Bulk up and save with large mass quantities to meet your research needs. Supply agreements available, partner with us. Please contact us.
Most Respected, Most Cited Brand in Proteins: With over 35 years of providing the best recombinant proteins to the scientific community, R&D Systems continues to lead the industry in quality, activity, and purity.

Find the Fc Chimera Avi-tag PD-1 protein here Fc Chimera Avi-tag PD-1 Protein

Product Specifications

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Activity

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When 500 ng/mL of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag protein is immobilized onto Streptavidin coated plate (Catalog # CP004), it binds to Recombinant Human PD-L1/B7-H1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 156-B7) with an ED₅₀ of 1.2-7.2 ng/mL.

Source

Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human PD-1 protein

Human PD-1 (Leu25-Thr168) Accession # Q15116.3	HHHHHH	Avi-tag
N-terminus		C-terminus

Accession #

Q15116.3

N-terminal Sequence
Analysis

Leu25

Structure / Form

Biotinylated via Avi-tag

Predicted Molecular Mass

19 kDa

SDS-PAGE

28 - 45 kDa, under reducing conditions.

Product Datasheets

AVI8986

Product Datasheet

COA

SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

AVI8986

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Binding Activity

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When 500 ng/mL of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag protein is immobilized onto Streptavidin coated plate (Catalog # CP004), it binds to Recombinant Human PD-L1/B7-H1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 156-B7) with an ED₅₀ of 1.2-7.2 ng/mL.

Flow Cytometry

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In a functional flow cytometry test, (A) Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein (Catalog # AVI8986) binds to HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with recombinant human PD-L1 and EGFP. Ligand binding was detected by staining cells with APC-conjugated Streptavidin (Catalog # F0050), which does not stain the cells in the absence of recombinant protein (B).

SDS-PAGE

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2 μg/lane of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD‑1 His-Tag Avi-tag was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 28-45 kDa.

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: PD-1

Programmed Death-1 receptor (PD-1), also known as CD279, is type I transmembrane protein belonging to the CD28 family of immune regulatory receptors (1). Other members of this family include CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, and BTLA (2-5). Mature human PD-1 consists of a 148 amino acid (aa) extracellular region (ECD) with one immunoglobulin-like V-type domain, a 24 aa transmembrane domain, and a 95 aa cytoplasmic region. The human PD-1 ECD shares 65% aa sequence identity with the mouse PD-1 ECD. The cytoplasmic tail contains two tyrosine residues that form the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) that are important for mediating PD-1 signaling. PD-1 acts as a monomeric receptor and interacts in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with its ligands PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC) (6, 7). PD‑1 is expressed on activated T cells, B cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells while PD-L1 expression is constitutive on the same cells and also on nonhematopoietic cells such as lung endothelial cells and hepatocytes (8, 9). Ligation of PD-L1 with PD-1 induces co-inhibitory signals on T cells promoting their apoptosis, anergy, and functional exhaustion (10). Thus, the PD-1: PD-L1 interaction is a key regulator of the threshold of immune response and peripheral immune tolerance (11). Finally, blockade of the PD-1: PD-L1 interaction by either antibodies or genetic manipulation accelerates tumor eradication and shows potential for improving cancer immunotherapy (12, 13, 14).

References