Home / GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 / Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (aa 47-173) Protein

Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (aa 47-173) Protein

Catalog #: 2177-GL
3 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
2177-GL-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
2177-GL-025
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Citations (3)
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (aa 47-173) Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to stimulate mouse T cell proliferation in the presence of anti-CD3. The ED50 for this effect is 0.02‑0.3 µg/mL in the presence of 10 µg/mL of a cross-linking antibody, Mouse Anti-polyHistidine Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB050).
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 protein
Thr47-Ser173, with an N-terminal 10-His tag
Accession #
AAO89011
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
His
Predicted Molecular Mass
16 kDa
SDS-PAGE
16-26 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

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2177-GL (with carrier)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

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2177-GL/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

2177-GL

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

2177-GL/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18

GITR Ligand, also known as TNFSF18 and TL6, is an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF superfamily (1). Mouse GITR Ligand consists of a 23 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 19 aa transmembrane segment, and a 131 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (2 ‑ 4). Within the ECD, mouse GITR Ligand shares 56% and 81% aa sequence identity with human and rat GITR Ligand, respectively. GITR Ligand is expressed on antigen presenting cells, CD4-CD8- double negative thymic precursors, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and in the eye (4 ‑ 11). Its expression is transiently up‑regulated by proinflammatory stimulation (5, 8, 11). The binding of GITR Ligand to GITR on mouse CD25+ Treg cells permits the reactivation of T cells from Treg‑induced suppression, although this does not appear to occur in humans (9, 12 ‑ 14). GITR Ligand binding to GITR additionally provides a costimulatory signal to activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells (6, 15, 16). This interaction also induces reverse signaling in GITR Ligand expressing dendritic cells to suppress cellular activation through the same pathway induced by the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (17). In the brain, GITR Ligand/GITR interactions enhance NGF‑mediated neurite outgrowth from sympathetic neurons (10).

References
  1. Azuma, M. (2010) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 30:547.
  2. Yu, K.Y. et al. (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310:433.
  3. Kim, J.D. et al. (2003) Genes Immun. 4:564.
  4. Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:15059.
  5. Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:5008.
  6. Hanabuchi, S. et al. (2006) Blood 107:3617.
  7. Kamimura, Y. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:2708.
  8. Hwang, H. et al. (2010) J. Neurosci. Res. 88:2188.
  9. Tuyaerts, S. et al. (2007) J. Leukoc. Biol. 82:93.
  10. O’Keefe, G.W. et al. (2008) Nat. Neurosci. 11:135.
  11. Kim, B.J. et al. (2004) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:3170.
  12. Shimizu, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:135.
  13. Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:5823.
  14. McHugh, R.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:311.
  15. Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:7306.
  16. Ronchetti, S. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Immunol. 34:613.
  17. Grohmann, U. et al. (2007) Nat. Med. 13:579.
Long Name
Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene Ligand
Entrez Gene IDs
8995 (Human); 240873 (Mouse); 364031 (Rat)
Alternate Names
Activation-inducible TNF-related ligand; AITRL; AITRLMGC138237; GITR Ligand; GITRL; GITRLglucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein ligand; Glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related ligand; hGITRLGITR ligand; TL6AITR ligand; TNFSF18; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 18; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18

Citations for Recombinant Mouse GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (aa 47-173) Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

3 Citations: Showing 1 - 3
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  1. Nr4a Receptors Regulate Development and Death of Labile Treg Precursors to Prevent Generation of Pathogenic Self-Reactive Cells
    Authors: T Sekiya, S Hibino, K Saeki, M Kanamori, S Takaki, A Yoshimura
    Cell Rep, 2018-08-07;24(6):1627-1638.e6.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Regulation of innate CD8+ T-cell activation mediated by cytokines.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012-06-04;109(25):9971-6.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. TNF superfamily member, TL1A, is a potential mucosal vaccine adjuvant.
    Authors: Kayamuro H, Yoshioka Y, Abe Y, Katayama K, Yoshida T, Yamashita K, Yoshikawa T, Hiroi T, Itoh N, Kawai Y, Mayumi T, Kamada H, Tsunoda S, Tsutsumi Y
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2009-05-04;384(3):296-300.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo

FAQs

  1. This protein datasheet indicates I need to use a cross-linking antibody, Catalog # MAB050, for biological activity. What is this antibody and is it really necessary?

    • The antibody is directed against a 6x histidine repeat and is recommended for use as a cross-linker of proteins with 6x his-tag. Crosslinking is often used for proteins that require receptor trimerization and can result greater biological activity. R&D Systems Quality Control tests the performance of these proteins in the presence of the cross-linking antibody. Therefore, it is necessary to use this antibody when trying to achieve the same level of specific activity described in the datasheet.

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