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Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 Protein

Catalog #: 4010-DK
6 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
4010-DK-010/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
4010-DK-010
Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 Protein Bioactivity
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Product Details
Citations (6)
FAQs
Reviews
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit Wnt induced TCF reporter activity in HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 inhibits a constant dose of 100 ng/mL of Recombinant Mouse Wnt‑3a (Catalog # 1324-WN). The ED50 for this effect is 50-300 ng/mL.
Source
Mouse myeloma cell line, NS0-derived rat Dkk-1 protein
Ser23-His270, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Accession #
NP_001099820
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ser23
Predicted Molecular Mass
27.6 kDa
SDS-PAGE
38-42 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

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4010-DK (with carrier)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

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4010-DK/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

4010-DK

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

4010-DK/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Bioactivity Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 Protein Bioactivity View Larger

Recombinant Mouse Wnt-3a (Catalog # 1324-WN) induces a dose responsive increase in Wnt reporter activity in HEK293 cells (green circles). Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 (Catalog # 4010-DK) inhibits a constant dose of 100 ng/mL of Recombinant Mouse Wnt-3a. The ED50 for this effect is 50-300 ng/mL (orange circles).

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: Dkk-1

Dickkopf related protein 1 (Dkk-1) is the founding member of the Dickkopf family of proteins that includes Dkk-1, -2, -3, -4, and a related protein, Soggy (1, 2). Dkk proteins are secreted proteins that contain two conserved cysteine-rich domains separated by a linker region. Each domain contains ten cysteine residues (1-3). Mature rat Dkk-1 is a 40 kDa glycosylated protein that shows 96%, 86% and 82% aa sequence identity with mouse, human and cow Dkk-1, respectively. It also shows 41% and 34% aa identity with rat Dkk-2 and Dkk-4, respectively. Dkk-1 and Dkk-4 are well documented antagonists of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (1, 2). This pathway is activated by Wnt engagement of a receptor complex composed of the Frizzled proteins and one of two low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins, LRP5 or LRP6 (4). Dkk-1 antagonizes Wnt by forming ternary complexes of LRP5/6 with Kremen1 or Kremen2 (4, 5). Dkk-1/LRP6/Krm2 complex internalization has been shown to downregulate Wnt signaling (4, 5). Dkk-1 is expressed throughout development and antagonizes Wnt-7a during limb development (6, 7). Other sites of expression include developing neurons, hair follicles and the retina of the eye (8, 9). The balance between Wnt signaling and Dkk-1 inhibition is critical for bone formation and homeostasis. Insufficient or excess Dkk-1 activity in bone results in increased or decreased bone density, respectively (8, 10). In adults, Dkk-1 is expressed in osteoblasts and osteocytes, and neurons. Neuronal expression appears to be required for ischemic neuronal death (11).

References
  1. Krupnik, V.E. et al. (1999) Gene 238:301.  
  2. Niehrs, C. (2006) Oncogene 25:7469. 
  3. Bullock, C.M. et al. (2004) Mol. Pharmacol. 65:582. 
  4. Mao, B. et al. (2001) Nature 411:321. 
  5. Mao, B. et al. (2002) Nature 417:664.  
  6. Kemp, C. et al. (2005) Dev. Dyn. 233:1064.
  7. Adamska, M. et al. (2004) Dev. Biol. 272:134.
  8. Li, J. et al. (2006) Bone 36:754.
  9. Verani, R. et al. (2006) J. Neurochem. 101:242.
  10. Morvan, F. et al. (2006) J. Bone Miner. Res. 21:934.
  11. Cappuccio, I. et al. (2005) J. Neurosci. 25:2647.
Long Name
Dickkopf-1
Entrez Gene IDs
22943 (Human); 13380 (Mouse); 102123735 (Cynomolgus Monkey)
Alternate Names
dickkopf (Xenopus laevis) homolog 1; dickkopf homolog 1 (Xenopus laevis); dickkopf related protein-1; Dickkopf-1; dickkopf-related protein 1; Dkk1; Dkk-1; hDkk-1; SKdickkopf-1 like

Citations for Recombinant Rat Dkk-1 Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

6 Citations: Showing 1 - 6
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  1. Exosome-like vesicles derived from Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cells promote the regeneration of dentin-pulp tissue
    Authors: S Zhang, Y Yang, S Jia, H Chen, Y Duan, X Li, S Wang, T Wang, Y Lyu, G Chen, W Tian
    Theranostics, 2020-04-27;10(13):5914-5931.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. Icariin Regulates the Bidirectional Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway
    Authors: JM Huang, Y Bao, W Xiang, XZ Jing, JC Guo, XD Yao, R Wang, FJ Guo
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2017-12-27;2017(0):8085325.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Wnt/?-catenin and Hedgehog pathways are involved in the inflammatory effect of Interleukin 18 on rat chondrocytes
    Authors: J Bao, C Ma, J Ran, Y Xiong, S Yan, L Wu
    Oncotarget, 2017-08-24;8(66):109962-109972.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Ethyl acetate fraction of Huogu formula inhibits adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells via the BMP and Wnt signaling pathways
    Authors: X Kong, X Li, C Zhang, L Zhu, C Liu, Q Qin, C Liu, Q Wang, J Zhu, X Wu, H Wan, W Chen, N Lin
    Int. J. Biol. Sci., 2017-04-07;13(4):480-491.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. WNT/?-catenin signaling promotes VSMCs to osteogenic transdifferentiation and calcification through directly modulating Runx2 gene expression
    Authors: Ting Cai
    Exp Cell Res, 2016-06-16;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Isolation and characterization of resident endogenous c-Kit+ cardiac stem cells from the adult mouse and rat heart.
    Authors: Smith A, Lewis F, Aquila I, Waring C, Nocera A, Agosti V, Nadal-Ginard B, Torella D, Ellison G
    Nat Protoc, 2014-06-19;9(7):1662-81.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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