GATE-16: Products

Golgi-associated ATPase Enhancer of 16 kDa (GATE-16), also known as Apg8p2 and GABARAPL2, is a 117 amino acid (aa) polypeptide and a member of the Autophagy-related 8 (Atg8) family of proteins. GATE-16/Apg8p2 has 100% aa sequence identity with its mouse and rat orthologs, and is orthologous to the yeast Atg8. Atg8 family members show structural similarity with Ubiquitin, but lack aa sequence similarity. GATE-16/Apg8p2 is best known for its role in autophagy. GATE-16/Apg8p2 covalently attaches to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) the phagophore (autophagosome precursor) membrane using a Ubiquitin-like conjugation system that includes Ubiquitin-activating (E1)-, Ubiquitin-conjugating (E2)-, and Ubiquitin Ligase (E3)-like enzymes. Here it is involved in the later stages of autophagosome formation. It may also be involved in cargo recruitment to autophagosomes.