Human Galectin-9 Antibody Summary
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human Galectin‑9 by Western Blot. Western blot shows conditioned media from HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), and human dendritic cells untreated (-) or treated (+) with 10 µg/mL PHA for 6 days. PVDF membrane was probed with 1 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human Galectin-9 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2045) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). Specific bands were detected for Galectin-9 at approximately 36 and 40 kDa. This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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Galectin‑9 in Human PBMCs. Galectin-9 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with Calcium Ionomycin and PMA using Goat Anti-Human Galectin-9 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2045) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
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Galectin‑9 in Human Colon. Galectin-9 was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon using Goat Anti-Human Galectin-9 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2045) at 0.3 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC004). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to epithelial cells. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: Galectin-9
Galectin-9 (also known as Ecalectin and UAT) is a 40 kDa beta -galactosidase binding lectin that belongs to a tandem repeat group of Galectins. Activated cells such as T cells, PMNs, astrocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells can express Galectin-9, but its release requires select MMPs. Human to mouse, there is 69% aa sequence identity for Galectin-9.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human Galectin-9 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Galectin-9 interacts with Vamp-3 to regulate cytokine secretion in dendritic cells
Authors: Santalla M�ndez R, Rodgers Furones A, Classens R et al.
Cell Mol Life Sci
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Aminophylline modulates the permeability of endothelial cells via the Slit2‑Robo4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide‑induced inflammation
Authors: Qin Chen, Xiaoming Zhou, Ruonan Hou, Zhiliang Zhou, Zhiyi Wang, Ying Chen et al.
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
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High Expression of TIM 3 and Galectin 9 on Immunohistochemistry Staining of Tumor Specimen at Diagnosis in Pediatric Patients with Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Stephanie J. Si, Gerald B. Wertheim, David M. Barrett
J Cancer Immunol (Wilmington)
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Increased Galectin-9 Levels Correlate with Disease Activity in Patients with DMARD-Na�ve Rheumatoid Arthritis and Modulate the Secretion of MCP-1 and IL-6 from Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: MA Nielsen, D Køster, AY Mehta, K Stengaard-, P Busson, P Junker, K Hørslev-Pe, ML Hetland, M Østergaard, M Hvid, H Leffler, TW Kragstrup, RD Cummings, B Deleuran
Cells, 2023-01-15;12(2):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
Applications: Binding Assay -
Lumenal Galectin-9-Lamp2 interaction regulates lysosome and autophagy to prevent pathogenesis in the intestine and pancreas
Authors: JN Sudhakar, HH Lu, HY Chiang, CS Suen, MJ Hwang, SY Wu, CN Shen, YM Chang, FA Li, FT Liu, JW Shui
Nat Commun, 2020-08-27;11(1):4286.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
Circulating levels of PD-L1 and Galectin-9 are associated with patient survival in surgically treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma independent of their intra-tumoral expression levels
Authors: K Sideras, RA de Man, SM Harrington, WG Polak, G Zhou, HM Schutz, A Pedroza-Go, K Biermann, S Mancham, BE Hansen, R Bart Takke, AJ van Vuuren, Q Pan, JNM Ijzermans, S Sleijfer, D Sprengers, H Dong, J Kwekkeboom, MJ Bruno
Sci Rep, 2019-07-23;9(1):10677.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Aspergillus�fumigatus enhances human NK cell activity by regulating M1 macrophage polarization
Authors: X Zhang, D He, S Gao, Y Wei, L Wang
Mol Med Rep, 2019-06-06;20(2):1241-1249.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells
Applications: Cell Culture, Western Blot -
Activation of Human Basophils by A549 Lung Epithelial Cells Reveals a Novel IgE-Dependent Response Independent of Allergen
Authors: JT Schroeder, AP Bieneman
J. Immunol., 2017-06-26;0(0):.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Neutralization -
Tim-3 Is Upregulated in NK Cells during Early Pregnancy and Inhibits NK Cytotoxicity toward Trophoblast in Galectin-9 Dependent Pathway.
Authors: Sun J, Yang M, Ban Y, Gao W, Song B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Shao Q, Kong B, Qu X
PLoS ONE, 2016-01-20;11(1):e0147186.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Galectin-1, -3 and -9 Expression and Clinical Significance in Squamous Cervical Cancer.
Authors: Punt S, Thijssen V, Vrolijk J, de Kroon C, Gorter A, Jordanova E
PLoS ONE, 2015-06-12;10(6):e0129119.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Graves' disease is associated with a defective expression of the immune regulatory molecule galectin-9 in antigen-presenting dendritic cells.
Authors: Leskela S, Serrano A, de la Fuente H, Rodriguez-Munoz A, Ramos-Levi A, Sampedro-Nunez M, Sanchez-Madrid F, Gonzalez-Amaro R, Marazuela M
PLoS ONE, 2015-04-16;10(4):e0123938.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Cells, Whole Tissue
Applications: Flow Cytometry, IHC-Fr -
Galectin expression profiling identifies galectin-1 and Galectin-9Delta5 as prognostic factors in stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Schulkens I, Heusschen R, van den Boogaart V, van Suylen R, Dingemans A, Griffioen A, Thijssen V
PLoS ONE, 2014-09-26;9(9):e107988.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot -
Human cytomegalovirus upregulates expression of the lectin galectin 9 via induction of beta interferon.
Authors: McSharry B, Forbes S, Cao J, Avdic S, Machala E, Gottlieb D, Abendroth A, Slobedman B
J Virol, 2014-07-09;88(18):10990-4.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
TIM-3 does not act as a receptor for galectin-9.
Authors: Leitner, Judith, Rieger, Armin, Pickl, Winfried, Zlabinger, Gerhard, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharin, Steinberger, Peter
PLoS Pathog, 2013-03-21;9(3):e1003253.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Flow Cytometry -
Upregulation of the tim-3/galectin-9 pathway of T cell exhaustion in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Authors: Nebbia G, Peppa D, Schurich A, Khanna P, Singh H, Cheng Y, Rosenberg W, Dusheiko G, Gilson R, Chinaleong J, Kennedy P, Maini M
PLoS ONE, 2012-10-24;7(10):e47648.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-Fr -
Extended co-expression of inhibitory receptors by human CD8 T-cells depending on differentiation, antigen-specificity and anatomical localization.
Authors: Baitsch L, Legat A, Barba L, Fuertes Marraco SA, Rivals JP, Baumgaertner P, Christiansen-Jucht C, Bouzourene H, Rimoldi D, Pircher H, Rufer N, Matter M, Michielin O, Speiser DE
PLoS ONE, 2012-02-08;7(2):e30852.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
A crucial role for Kupffer cell-derived galectin-9 in regulation of T cell immunity in hepatitis C infection.
Authors: Mengshol JA, Golden-Mason L, Arikawa T
PLoS ONE, 2010-03-04;5(3):e9504.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P, Western Blot -
The galectin profile of the endothelium: altered expression and localization in activated and tumor endothelial cells.
Authors: Thijssen VL, Hulsmans S, Griffioen AW
Am. J. Pathol., 2008-01-17;172(2):545-53.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates, Whole Cells, Whole Tissue
Applications: Flow Cytometry, ICC, IHC-P, Western Blot -
T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing protein 3 is recruited to the immune synapse, disrupts stable synapse formation, and associates with receptor phosphatases.
Authors: Clayton K, Haaland M, Douglas-Vail M, Mujib S, Chew G, Ndhlovu L, Ostrowski M
J Immunol, 2013-12-13;192(2):782-91.
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Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen
Authors: Marco Frensch, Christina Jäger, Peter F. Müller, Annamaria Tadić, Isabel Wilhelm, Sarah Wehrum et al.
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
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