Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Heterodimer Alexa Fluor® 405-conjugated Antibody
Human Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Heterodimer Alexa Fluor® 405-conjugated Antibody Summary
Phe24-Ser1012(Integrin alpha 6) and Gln21-Asp728 (Integrin beta1)
Accession # NP_000201
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
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Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
Background: Integrin alpha 6 beta 1
Integrin alpha 6 beta 1, also called platelet glycoprotein GPIc-IIa, is a laminin binding integrin that is expressed on T cells, monocytes, endothelial cells, stem cells, and platelets (1-9). The non-covalent heterodimer is composed of ~150 kDa alpha 6/CD49f and 130 kDa beta 1/CD29 type I transmembrane glycoprotein subunits (2). While alpha 6 pairs only with beta 1 or beta 4, twelve integrins share the beta 1 subunit (1-5). The alpha 6 subunit is cleaved into extracellular heavy and transmembrane light chains (3). Alternative splicing in the human alpha 6 extracellular domain (ECD) at amino acid (aa) 216 creates X1 (ubiquitous), X2 and X1X2 isoforms, while splicing at a mouse or human cytoplasmic site creates A and B isoforms (10, 11). These forms do not appear to alter the binding specificity (4, 10, 11). The beta 1 ECD contains a vWFA domain, which participates in binding. Each subunit then has a transmembrane sequence and a short cytoplasmic tail. The dimer is folded when it is least active. Divalent cations and intracellular (inside-out) signaling convert it to its most active, extended and open conformation (1, 2). The human alpha 6 (X1) heavy chain shares 94‑95% aa identity with mouse, rat, bovine, and canine alpha 6, and the human beta 1 ECD shares 92‑96% aa sequence identity with rat, bovine, mouse, and feline beta 1. alpha 6 beta 1 shows broad specificity for adhesion to laminin isoforms (4, 10). Its expression on human and mouse pluripotent stem cells is important for attachment, expansion, and self‑renewal on LN‑511 (laminin alpha 5 beta 1 gamma 1) (6, 7). The secreted protein Netrin-4 and the laminin gamma 1 subunit form an adhesion‑activating complex with alpha 6 beta 1 on mouse neural stem cells and human lymphatic endothelial cells that promotes lymphangiogenesis (8, 9). alpha 6 beta 1 up‑regulation on cancers such as prostate, glioma, and hepatoma is reported to enhance tumorigenicity, motility, invasion and metastasis (12‑14). alpha 6 beta 1 cleavage via uPA (urokinase-type plasminogen activator) facilitates tumorigenicity in prostate cancers, and interaction of hepatoma alpha 6 beta 1 with EMMPRIN/CD147 may also enhance tumorigenicity by inducing uPA and other metalloproteinases (12, 13).
- Takada, Y. et al. (2007) Genome Biol. 8:215.
- Luo, B-H. et al. (2007) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 25:619.
- Tamura, R.N. et al. (1990) J. Cell Biol. 111:1593.
- Nishiuchi, R. et al. (2006) Matrix Biol. 25:189.
- Sonnenberg, A. and C.J.T. Linders (1990) J. Cell Science 96:207.
- Rodin, S. et al. (2010) Nat. Biotech. 28:611.
- Domogatskaya A. et al. (2008) Stem Cells 26:2800.
- Staquicini, F.I. et al. (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:2903.
- Larrieu-Lahargue, F. et al. (2011) Circ. Res. 109:770.
- Delwel, G. O. et al. (1995) Cell Adhes. Commun. 3:143.
- Hogervorst, F. et al. (1993) J. Cell Biol. 121:179.
- Sroka, I.C. et al. (2011) Mol. Cancer Res. 9:1319.
- Dai, J.Y. et al. (2009) BMC Cancer 9:337.
- Delamarre, E. et al. (2009) Am. J. Pathol. 175:844.
Product Datasheets
Product Specific Notices
This product is provided under an agreement between Life Technologies Corporation and R&D Systems, Inc, and the manufacture, use, sale or import of this product is subject to one or more US patents and corresponding non-US equivalents, owned by Life Technologies Corporation and its affiliates. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components (1) in manufacturing; (2) to provide a service, information, or data to an unaffiliated third party for payment; (3) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; (4) to resell, sell, or otherwise transfer this product or its components to any third party, or for any other commercial purpose. Life Technologies Corporation will not assert a claim against the buyer of the infringement of the above patents based on the manufacture, use or sale of a commercial product developed in research by the buyer in which this product or its components was employed, provided that neither this product nor any of its components was used in the manufacture of such product. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit, Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0354.
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