Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer Antibody Summary
Met1-Glu93 (S100A8) & Thr2-Pro114 (S100A9)
Accession # P05109 (S100A8) and P06702 (S100A9)
Applications
This antibody functions as an ELISA detection antibody when paired with Mouse Anti-Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB45703).
This product is intended for assay development on various assay platforms requiring antibody pairs. We recommend the Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer DuoSet ELISA Kit (Catalog # DY8226-05) for convenient development of a sandwich ELISA or the Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer Quantikine ELISA Kit (Catalog # DS8900) for a complete optimized ELISA.
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer in Human Colon Cancer Tissue. S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon cancer tissue using Mouse Anti-Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB45702) at 15 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Mouse IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC001). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to connective tissue fibroblasts. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.
Detection of S100A8/A9 in Human PBMCs by Flow Cytometry. Human peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were stained with Mouse Anti-Human CD14 PE-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB3832P) and either (A) Mouse Anti-Human S100A8/A9 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB45702) or (B) Mouse IgG1Isotype Control (Catalog # MAB002) followed by Goat anti-Mouse IgG APC-conjugated Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0101B). To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004) and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Permeabilization/Wash Buffer (Catalog # FC005). View our protocol for Staining Intracellular Molecules.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer
S100A8 (also known as MRP8, Calgranulin A, and CP-10) and S100A9 (also known as MRP14 and Calgranulin B) are pro-inflammatory members of the S100 family of secreted calcium binding proteins (1, 2). They are up-regulated in neutrophils and monocytes at sites of inflammation (e.g. psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiac ischemia) and are present at elevated concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid (3-5). The 10 kDa human S100A8 and 14 kDa S100A9 each contain two EF‑hand calcium binding motifs. Human S100A8 shares 57% and 61% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat S100A8, respectively. Human S100A9 shares 57% and 62% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat S100A9, respectively (6, 7). In the presence of calcium or zinc, S100A8 and S100A9 associate into non-covalent homodimers and 34-35 kDa heterodimers with each other (8-10). The heterodimer additionally binds and sequesters manganese, thereby restricting the growth of Mn-dependent bacteria (11). The S100A8/A9 heterodimer exhibits functions beyond those performed by the individual proteins. These include binding to fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and promoting astrocyte proliferation (3, 12). S100A8, S100A9, and the heterodimer each promote neutrophil infiltration into sites of inflammation and inflammatory cytokine production by monocytes (4, 5, 9).
- Averill, M.M. et al. (2012) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 32:223.
- Vogl, T. et al. (2012) Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13:2893.
- Siegenthaler, G. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:9371.
- Sunahori, K. et al. (2006) Arthritis Res. Ther. 8:R69.
- Volz, H.C. et al. (2012) Basic Res. Cardiol. 107:250.
- Odink, K. et al. (1987) Nature 330:80.
- Dorin, J.R. et al. (1987) Nature 326:614.
- Teigelkamp, S. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:13462.
- Ryckman, C. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 170:3233.
- Vogl, T. et al. (2006) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1763:1298.
- Damo, S.M. et al. (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110:3841.
- Ryu, M-J. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:22948.
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