Kynurenic acid
Chemical Name: 4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid
Purity: ≥98%
Biological Activity
Kynurenic acid is a broad spectrum EAA antagonist. Putative GPR35 ligand. Kynurenic acid protects tissues in cardiac, cerebral, renal, and retinal ischemia models via activation of GPR35 and induction of ATP synthase dimerization in an ATPIF1-dependent and pertussis toxin (Cat. No. 3097) sensitive manner.Sodium Salt also available.
Technical Data
The technical data provided above is for guidance only.
For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Additional Information
Background References
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Kynurenic acid as a ligand for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35.
Wang J, Simonavicius N, Wu X et al.
J Biol Chem. -
An iontophoretic investigation of the actions of convulsant kynurenines and their interaction with the endogenous excitant quinolinic acid.
Perkins and Stone
Brain Res., 1982;247:184 -
NMDA receptors and ligands in the vertebrate CNS.
Stone and Burton
Prog.Neurobiol., 1988;30:333 -
The 'kynurenate test,' a biochemical assay for putative cognition enhancers.
Pittaluga et al.
J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther., 1997;283:82
Product Datasheets
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Citations for Kynurenic acid
The citations listed below are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for Kynurenic acid include:
15 Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Mitochondrial Regulation of the Hippocampal Firing Rate Set Point and Seizure Susceptibility.
Authors: Styr Et al.
Neuron 2019;102:1009
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Kynurenic acid and zaprinast diminished CXCL17-evoked pain-related behaviour and enhanced mor. analgesia in a mouse neuropathic pain model.
Authors: Rojewska Et al.
Pharmacol Rep 2018;71:139
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Context-Dependent Modulation of GABAAR-Mediated Tonic Currents.
Authors: Patel Et al.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016;36:607
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Loss of mTOR repressors Tsc1 or Pten has divergent effects on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in single hippocampal neuron cultures.
Authors: Weston Et al.
Front Mol Neurosci 2014;7:1
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Perimenstrual-like hormonal regulation of extrasynaptic δ-containing GABAA receptors mediating tonic inhibition and neurosteroid sensitivity.
Authors: Carver Et al.
J Neurosci 2014;34:14181
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Estrous cycle regulation of extrasynaptic δ-containing GABA(A) receptor-mediated tonic inhibition and limbic epileptogenesis.
Authors: Wu Et al.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013;346:146
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The Munc13 proteins differentially regulate readily releasable pool dynamics and calcium-dependent recovery at a central synapse.
Authors: Chen Et al.
Neuron 2013;33:8336
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On the mechanism of synaptic depression induced by CaMKIIN, an endogenous inhibitor of CaMKII.
Authors: Gouet Et al.
PLoS One 2012;7:e49293
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Multiple roles for mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in both glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission.
Authors: Weston Et al.
J Neurosci 2012;32:11441
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Suppression of PKR promotes network excitability and enhanced cognition by IF.-γ-mediated disinhibition.
Authors: Zhu Et al.
Cell 2011;147:1384
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Calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion 2 (CAPS2) promotes BDNF secretion and is critical for the development of GABAergic interneuron network.
Authors: Shinoda Et al.
Eur J Neurosci 2011;108:373
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Deletion of Dlx1 results in reduced glutamatergic input to hippocampal interneurons.
Authors: Jones Et al.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2011;105:1984
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Synaptotagmin has an essential function in synaptic vesicle positioning for synchronous release in addition to its role as a calcium sensor.
Authors: Young and Neher
J Neurosci 2009;63:482
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Two distinct types of inhibition mediated by cartwheel cells in the dorsal cochlear nucleus.
Authors: Mancilla
J Neurophysiol 2009;102:1287
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Synaptic inputs to retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock.
Authors: Perez-Leon Et al.
J Neurophysiol 2006;24:1117
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