Home / IGF-II/IGF2 / Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

Catalog #: AF792
5 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
AF792
AF792-SP
IGF-II/IGF2 in Mouse Embryo.
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Citations (5)
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Summary Data Examples Preparation and Storage Reconstitution Calculator Background Product Datasheets Related Research Areas

Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody Summary

Species Reactivity
Mouse
Specificity
Detects mouse IGF-II/IGF2 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 50% cross-reactivity with recombinant human IGF-II/IGF2 is observed.
Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant mouse IGF-II/IGF2
Ala25-Glu91
Accession # P09535
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Label
Unconjugated

Applications

Recommended Concentration
Sample
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Recombinant Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 (Catalog # 792-MG)
Immunohistochemistry
5-15 µg/mL
See below
Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize IGF-II/IGF2-induced proliferation in the MCF‑7 human breast cancer cell line. Karey, K.P. et al. (1988) Cancer Research 48:4083. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.5-2.5 µg/mL in the presence of 30 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse IGF-II/IGF2.

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunohistochemistry IGF-II/IGF2 antibody in Mouse Embryo by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-Fr). View Larger

IGF-II/IGF2 in Mouse Embryo. IGF-II/IGF2 was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (E13-17) using Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF792) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Neutralization Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-II/IGF2 and Neutralization by Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody. View Larger

Cell Proliferation Induced by IGF-II/IGF2 and Neutralization by Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody. Recombinant Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 (Catalog # 792-MG) stimulates proliferation in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 (30 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF792). The ND50 is typically 0.5-2.5 µg/mL.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Preparation and Storage

Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS.
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Shipping
The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. *Small pack size (SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at -20 to -70 °C
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: IGF-II/IGF2

IGF-II (Insulin-like growth factor II; also multiplication-stimulating polypeptide/MSP and somatomedin-A) is a secreted 8 kDa polypeptide that belongs to the insulin family of peptide growth factors (1‑3). It is part of a complex system of growth and metabolic-regulating proteins that is particularly important during development. It has been associated with nervous system proliferation and differentiation, myelination, adrenal cortical proliferation, and skeletal growth and differentiation (4). In humans, IGF-II is primarily synthesized by the liver and circulates at high levels in both fetus and adult. In rodents, however, IGF-II levels drop after the perinatal period, an effect attributed to the lack of a key gene promoter (2, 5). This may indicate that postnatally, IGF-II has either a limited or local effect only in rodents. For example, evidence suggests IGF-II may be the intermediary for SHH induction of VEGF attendant with local neovascularization (6). Rodent cells known to express IGF-II include astrocytes (7), hepatocytes (8), osteoblasts (9), embryonic striated muscle cells (10, 11), plus Kupffer cells and Ito cells (12). Mouse IGF-II is synthesized as a 180 amino acid (aa) preproprecursor (13). It contains a 24 aa signal sequence, a 67 aa mature region, and an 89 aa C-terminal prodomain that is alternatively referred to as the E-peptide. Mature IGF-II is 91% and 97% aa identical to human and rat IGF-II, respectively. Proper processing of IGF-II requires the chaperone activity of GRP94 (14). This generates an 8 kDa mature form, an 18 kDa, 156 aa proform, and a potential 11 kDa, 88 aa “Big” form (aa 25-112). This 11 kDa ”Big” form would be equivalent to human 15-16 kDa IGF-II, with the 5 kDa difference attributable to the presence of O-linked glycosylation (15). There is an additional 34 aa proteolytic fragment that is termed preptin and contains aa 93-126 of the preproprecursor. This is distinct from IGF-II, is secreted by pancreatic B cells, and facilitates insulin secretion (16, 17). IGF-II has multiple binding partners. It binds to IGF-I R, the Insulin receptor (IR)-type A and IGF-IR:IR-A hybrids, the type II IGF receptor (IGF-II R), and IGF binding proteins 1-6 (18, 19). The first three receptors initiate downstream signaling events, the IGF-II R sequesters local IGF‑II, and the six IGFBPs regulate IGF-II activity in various tissues.

References
  1. LeRoith, D. and C.T. Roberts Jr. (2003) Cancer Lett. 195:127.
  2. Werner, H. and D. LeRoith (2000) Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 57:932.
  3. Pavelic, J. et al. (2007) Indian J. Med. Res. 125:511.
  4. Varela-Nieto, I. et al. (2007) Curr. Pharm. Des. 13:687.
  5. Rotwein, P. and L.J. Hall (1990) DNA Cell Biol. 10:725.
  6. Chao, W. and P.A. D-Amore (2008) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 19:111.
  7. Rotwein, P. et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:265.
  8. Goya, L. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:24633.
  9. McCarthy, T.L. et al. (1992) Endocrinology 130:1303.
  10. Zindy, F. et al. (1992) J. Hepatol. 14:30.
  11. Holthuizen, P.E. et al. (1993) Regul. Pept. 48:77.
  12. Merrick, D. et al. (2007) BMC Dev. Biol. 7:65.
  13. Stempien, M.M. et al. (1986) DNA 5:357.
  14. Ostrovsky, O. et al. (2009) Mol. Biol. Cell 20:1855.
  15. Daughaday, W.H. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5823.
  16. Buchanan, C.M. et al. (2001) Biochem. J. 360:431.
  17. Cornish, J. et al. (2007) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 292:E117.
  18. Denley, A. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:421.
  19. Belfiore, A. (2007) Curr. Pharm. Des. 13:671.
Long Name
Insulin-like Growth Factor II
Entrez Gene IDs
3481 (Human); 16002 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
C11orf43; chromosome 11 open reading frame 43; FLJ22066; FLJ44734; GRDF; IGF2; IGF-2; IGFII; IGF-II; insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A); insulin-like growth factor II; insulin-like growth factor type 2; MSA; PEG2; PP9974; somatomedin-A

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Citations for Mouse IGF-II/IGF2 Antibody

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

5 Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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  1. A CCR2+ myeloid cell niche required for pancreatic ? cell growth
    Authors: K Mussar, S Pardike, TM Hohl, G Hardiman, V Cirulli, L Crisa
    JCI Insight, 2017-08-03;2(15):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization
  2. The chaperone activity of GRP94 toward insulin-like growth factor II is necessary for the stress response to serum deprivation.
    Authors: Ostrovsky O, Ahmed NT, Argon Y
    Mol. Biol. Cell, 2009-01-21;20(6):1855-64.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Cell Lysates
    Applications: Western Blot
  3. Role of IGF signaling in olfactory sensory map formation and axon guidance.
    Authors: Scolnick JA, Cui K, Duggan CD, Xuan S, Yuan XB, Efstratiadis A, Ngai J
    Neuron, 2008-03-27;57(6):847-57.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Tissue
    Applications: IHC-Fr
  4. GRP94 is essential for mesoderm induction and muscle development because it regulates insulin-like growth factor secretion.
    Authors: Wanderling S, Simen BB, Ostrovsky O, Ahmed NT, Vogen SM, Gidalevitz T, Argon Y
    Mol. Biol. Cell, 2007-07-18;18(10):3764-75.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
    Applications: Western Blot
  5. Hypoxia-independent overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha as an early change in mouse hepatocarcinogenesis.
    Authors: Tanaka H, Yamamoto M, Hashimoto N, Miyakoshi M, Tamakawa S, Yoshie M, Tokusashi Y, Yokoyama K, Yaginuma Y, Ogawa K
    Cancer Res., 2006-12-01;66(23):11263-70.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates, Whole Cells
    Applications: Neutralization, Western Blot

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