Mouse VEGF-D Antibody Summary
Phe98-Ser206
Accession # P97946
Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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VEGF-D in Mouse Lung Tissue. VEGF-D was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of mouse lung tissue using Goat Anti-Mouse VEGF-D Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF469) at 15 µg/mL for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with the Anti-Goat IgG VisUCyte™ HRP Polymer Antibody (Catalog # VC004). Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained using DAB (brown) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm in pneumocytes in lung. View our protocol for IHC Staining with VisUCyte HRP Polymer Detection Reagents.
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: VEGF-D
Vascular endothelia growth factor D (VEGF-D), also known as c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), is a secreted glycoprotein of the VEGF/PDGF family. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and tumor growth, and are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues that form a cysteine-knot structure (1‑3). VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which share 23% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, are uniquely expressed as preproproteins that contain long N- and C-terminal propeptide extensions around the VEGF homology domain (VHD) (1, 2). Proteolytic processing of either 358 aa or 326 aa splice forms of mouse VEGF-D preproprotein creates a secreted proprotein. Further processing by extracellular serine proteases, such as plasmin or furin-like proprotein convertases, forms mature VEGF-D consisting of non-covalently linked 42 kDa homodimers of the 117 aa VHD (4‑7). Mature mouse VEGF-D shares 94%, 99%, 93%, 91% and 89% aa identity with the VHD of human, rat, equine, canine and bovine VEGF-D, respectively. It is expressed in adult lung, heart, muscle, and small intestine, and is most abundantly expressed in fetal lungs and skin (1-4). Mouse and human VEGF-D are ligands for VEGF receptor 3 (VEGF-R3, also called Flt-4) that are active across species and show enhanced affinity when processed (8). Unlike human VEGF‑D, which is also a ligand for VEGF-R2 (also called Flk-1 or KDR), mouse VEGF-D does not bind to VEGF-R2 (8). VEGF-R3 is strongly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for regulation of the growth and differentiation of lymphatic endothelium (1, 2). While VEGF-C is the critical ligand for VEGF-R3 during embryonic lymphatic development, VEGF-D is most active in neonatal lymphatic maturation and bone growth (9‑11). Both promote tumor lymphangiogenesis (12). Consonant with their activity on VEGF receptors, binding of VEGF-C and VEGF-D to neuropilins contributes to VEGF-R3 signaling in lymphangiogenesis, while binding to integrin alpha 9 beta 1 mediates endothelial cell adhesion and migration (13, 14).
- Roy, H. et al. (2006) FEBS Lett. 580:2879.
- Otrock, Z.H. et al. (2007) Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 38:258.
- Orlandini, M. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11675.
- Stacker, S.A. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:32127.
- McColl, B.K. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:863.
- McColl, B.K. et al. (2007) FASEB J. 21:1088.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:44307.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:19166.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:2441.
- Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) Am. J. Pathol. 169:708.
- Orlandini, M. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:17961.
- Stacker, S.A. et al. (2001) Nature Med. 7:186.
- Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) FASEB J. 20:1462.
- Vlahakis, N.E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:4544.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Mouse VEGF-D Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
11
Citations: Showing 1 - 10
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Imaging Blood Vessels and Lymphatics in Mouse Trachea Wholemounts
Authors: Peter Baluk, Donald M. McDonald
Methods in Molecular Biology
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Three-dimensional imaging of vascular development in the mouse epididymis
Authors: Damon-Soubeyrand C, Bongiovanni A, Chorfa A et al.
eLife
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Imaging Lymphatics in Mouse Lungs
Authors: Peter Baluk, Donald M. McDonald
Methods in Molecular Biology
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Nasally delivered VEGFD mimetics mitigate stroke-induced dendrite loss and brain damage
Authors: Daniela Mauceri, Bettina Buchthal, Thekla J. Hemstedt, Ursula Weiss, Christian D. Klein, Hilmar Bading
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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The study of direct and indirect effects of radiofrequency ablation on tumor microenvironment in liver tumor animal model
Authors: AN Jiang, B Wang, S Wang, K Zhao, H Wu, K Yan, W Wu, W Yang
BMC Cancer, 2022-06-17;22(1):663.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Inhibition of receptor activity-modifying protein 1 suppresses the development of endometriosis and the formation of blood and lymphatic vessels
Authors: M Honda, Y Ito, K Hattori, K Hosono, K Sekiguchi, K Tsujikawa, N Unno, M Majima
J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2020-09-01;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Dilated thin-walled blood and lymphatic vessels in human endometrium: a potential role for VEGF-D in progestin-induced break-through bleeding.
Authors: Donoghue JF, McGavigan CJ, Lederman FL
PLoS ONE, 2012-02-17;7(2):e30916.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P -
Liposomal honokiol inhibits VEGF-D-induced lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in xenograft tumor model.
Authors: Wen J, Fu AF, Chen LJ, Xie XJ, Yang GL, Chen XC, Wang YS, Li J, Chen P, Tang MH, Shao XM, Lu Y, Zhao X, Wei YQ
Int. J. Cancer, 2009-06-01;124(11):2709-18.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Culture Supernates
Applications: Western Blot -
Effects of acute exercise, exercise training, and diabetes on the expression of lymphangiogenic growth factors and lymphatic vessels in skeletal muscle.
Authors: Kivela R, Silvennoinen M, Lehti M, Kainulainen H, Vihko V
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2007-08-31;293(4):H2573-9.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-Fr -
VEGF-C is a trophic factor for neural progenitors in the vertebrate embryonic brain.
Authors: Le Bras B, Barallobre MJ, Homman-Ludiye J, Ny A, Wyns S, Tammela T, Haiko P, Karkkainen MJ, Yuan L, Muriel MP, Chatzopoulou E, Breant C, Zalc B, Carmeliet P, Alitalo K, Eichmann A, Thomas JL
Nat. Neurosci., 2006-02-05;9(3):340-8.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-Fr -
Pharmacological targeting of VEGFR signaling with axitinib inhibits Tsc2-null lesion growth in the mouse model of lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Elena N. Atochina-Vasserman, Elena Abramova, Melane L. James, Ryan Rue, Amy Y. Liu, Nathan Tessema Ersumo et al.
American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
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Dilution used was 1:300 in 3% Milk /TBS-T solution with overnight incubation at 4 degrees. Anti-Goat HRP 1:500 was used as secondary antibody (1h at room temperature)
