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Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein

Catalog #: 1195-EP
9 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
1195-EP-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
1195-EP-025
Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein Bioactivity
2 Images
Product Details
Citations (9)
FAQs
Reviews
Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. Rubin, J.S. et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88:415. The ED50 for this effect is 0.125-0.75 ng/mL.
Source
E. coli-derived human Epiregulin protein
Val63-Leu108, with an N-terminal Met
Accession #
O14944
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Met
Predicted Molecular Mass
5.4 kDa

Product Datasheets

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1195-EP (with carrier)

Product Datasheet
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SDS

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1195-EP/CF (carrier free)

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COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

1195-EP

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

1195-EP/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Scientific Data

Bioactivity Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein Bioactivity View Larger

Recombinant Human Epiregulin (Catalog # 1195-EP) stimulates proliferation in the Balb/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The ED50 is 0.125-0.75 ng/mL.

SDS-PAGE Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein SDS-PAGE View Larger

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human Epiregulin was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 5 kDa.

Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: Epiregulin

Epiregulin is a member of the EGF family of growth factors which includes, among others, epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha, amphiregulin (ARG), HB (heparin-binding)-EGF, betacellulin, and the various heregulins. All EGF family members are synthesized as transmembrane precursors and are converted to soluble forms by proteolytic cleavage. Epiregulin was originally purified from the mouse fibroblast-derived tumor cell line NIH3T3/T7 (1). The human epiregulin cDNA encodes a 169 amino acid (aa) residues transmembrane precursor with a 29 aa signal peptide, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 21 aa cytoplasmic domain. The putative soluble mature Epiregulin comprising the EGF-like domain (aa residues 64-104) is formed by proteolytic removal of the propeptide regions (2). There is 85% aa sequence homology between human and mouse epiregulins. Epiregulin is expressed primarily in the placenta and macrophages (3). High level expression has also been detected in various carcinomas. Epiregulin specifically binds EGFR (ErbB1) and ErbB4 but not ErbB2 and ErbB3. It activates the homodimers of both ErbB1 and ErbB4. In addition, epiregulin can also activate all possible heteromeric combinations of the four ErbB family members (4). Epiregulin stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and hepatocytes. It has been shown to be an autocrine growth factor for epidermal keratinocytes as well as mesangial cells (5, 6). Epiregulin has also been shown to inhibit growth of several epithelial tumor cells. In addition, Epiregulin has been implicated in the implantation process during pregnancy (7).

References
  1. Toyoda, H. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:7495.
  2. Toyoda, H. et al. (1997) Biochem. J. 326:69.
  3. Komurasaki, T. et al. (1997) Oncogene 15:2841.
  4. Shelly, M. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273:10496.
  5. Shirakata, Y. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:5748.
  6. Mishre, R. et al. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 283:F1151.
  7. Das, S.K. et al. (1997) Dev. Biol. 190:178.
Entrez Gene IDs
2069 (Human); 13874 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
Epiregulin; ER; EREG; proepiregulin

Citations for Recombinant Human Epiregulin Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

9 Citations: Showing 1 - 9
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  1. Quantification of ligand and mutation-induced bias in EGFR phosphorylation in direct response to ligand binding
    Authors: Wirth, D;Özdemir, E;Hristova, K;
    Nature communications
    Species: Chinese Hamster
    Sample Types: Vesicles
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. pYtags enable spatiotemporal measurements of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in living cells
    Authors: Farahani, PE;Yang, X;Mesev, EV;Fomby, KA;Brumbaugh-Reed, EH;Bashor, CJ;Nelson, CM;Toettcher, JE;
    eLife
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Transfected Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. Fibroblast-derived EGF ligand Neuregulin-1 induces fetal-like reprogramming of the intestinal epithelium without supporting tumorigenic growth
    Authors: TT Lemmetyine, EW Viitala, L Wartiovaar, T Kaprio, J Hagström, C Haglund, P Katajisto, TC Wang, E Domènech-M, S Ollila
    Disease Models & Mechanisms, 2023-04-03;0(0):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Organoid
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. Epiregulin as an Alternative Ligand for Leptin Receptor Alleviates Glucose Intolerance without Change in Obesity
    Authors: NJ Song, A Lee, R Yasmeen, Q Shen, K Yang, SB Kumar, D Muhanna, S Arnipalli, SF Noria, BJ Needleman, JW Hazey, DJ Mikami, J Ortega-Ana, R Jiménez-Fl, J Prokop, O Ziouzenkov
    Cells, 2022-01-26;11(3):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. EREG-driven oncogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma exhibits higher sensitivity to Erlotinib therapy
    Authors: S Liu, Y Wang, Y Han, W Xia, L Zhang, S Xu, H Ju, X Zhang, G Ren, L Liu, W Ye, Z Zhang, J Hu
    Theranostics, 2020-08-25;10(23):10589-10605.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Epiregulin-blocking antibody inhibits epiregulin-dependent EGFR signaling
    Authors: M Iijima, M Anai, T Kodama, Y Shibasaki
    Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 2017-03-06;0(0):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  7. Gene expression analysis of pig cumulus-oocyte complexes stimulated in vitro with follicle stimulating hormone or epidermal growth factor-like peptides.
    Authors: Blaha M, Nemcova L, Kepkova K, Vodicka P, Prochazka R
    Reprod Biol Endocrinol, 2015-10-06;13(0):113.
    Species: Porcine
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  8. High epiregulin expression in human U87 glioma cells relies on IRE1alpha and promotes autocrine growth through EGF receptor.
    Authors: Auf G, Jabouille A, Delugin M, Guerit S, Pineau R, North S, Platonova N, Maitre M, Favereaux A, Vajkoczy P, Seno M, Bikfalvi A, Minchenko D, Minchenko O, Moenner M
    BMC Cancer, 2013-12-13;13(0):597.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  9. Human trophoblast survival at low oxygen concentrations requires metalloproteinase-mediated shedding of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor.
    Authors: Armant DR, Kilburn BA, Petkova A, Edwin SS, Duniec-Dmuchowski ZM, Edwards HJ, Romero R, Leach RE
    Development, 2006-01-11;133(4):751-9.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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