Recombinant Human IL-21 Animal Free Protein

Catalog #: AFL8879 Datasheet / COA / SDS

NEW! Consider our new version of Animal-Free Human Recombinant IL-21 (AFL8879). Combining R&D Systems quality with scalability that allows for lower price points and a solid supply chain.

Catalog #	Availability	Size / Price	Qty
AFL8879-025
AFL8879-01M

Request an Animal-Free Protein Sample. For a limited time, we are offering customers the opportunity to try a sample of any Animal-Free RUO protein at no charge. Request a sample of Animal-Free IL-21.

R&D Systems Animal-Free Recombinant Proteins

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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Human IL-21 Animal Free Protein Summary

Learn more about Animal-Free Recombinant Proteins

Product Specifications

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Activity

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using B9 mouse hybridoma cells.

The ED₅₀ for this effect is 5.00-50.0 ng/mL.

The specific activity of recombinant human IL-21 is >1.00 x 10⁶ units/mg, which is calibrated against an internal reference standard for human IL-21.

Measured by its ability to enhance IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells.

The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤8 ng/mL.

Source

E. coli-derived human IL-21 protein
Gln32-Ser162, with a N-terminal Met
Produced in an animal-free laboratory.

Accession #

Q9HBE4.3

N-terminal Sequence
Analysis

Met

Predicted Molecular Mass

15 kDa

SDS-PAGE

16 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

AFL8879

Product Datasheet

COA

SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

AFL8879

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage:	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Reconstitution Calculator

Background: IL-21

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) is an approximately 14 kDa four-helix-bundle member of the family of cytokines that utilize the common gamma chain ( gamma _c) as a receptor subunit. gamma _c is also a subunit of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (1). IL-21 is produced by activated T follicular helper cells (Tfh), Th17 cells, and NKT cells (2-6). It exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex of gamma _c and the IL-21-specific IL-21 R (2, 7). Tfh-derived IL-21 plays an important role in the development of humoral immunity through its autocrine effects on the Tfh cell and paracrine effects on immunoglobulin affinity maturation, plasma cell differentiation, and B cell memory responses (4, 8, 9). It is also required for the migration of dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes (10). IL-21 regulates several aspects of T cell function. It co-stimulates the activation, proliferation, and survival of CD8+ T cells and NKT cells and promotes Th17 cell polarization (3, 5, 6, 11, 12). It blocks the generation of regulatory T cells and their suppressive effects on CD4+ T cells (13, 14). IL-21 R engagement enhances the cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production of activated NK cells but limits the expansion of resting NK cells (15). In addition, IL-21 suppresses cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions by limiting allergen-specific IgE production and mast cell degranulation (16). Dysregulation of the IL-21/IL-21 R system contributes to the development of multiple immunological disorders (1, 17). The 133 amino acid (aa) mature human IL-21 shares 63% and 61% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-21, respectively. Alternative splicing generates an additional isoform with a substitution of the C-terminal 16 amino acids (18).

References

Tangye, S.G. (2015) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 34:107.
Parrish-Novak, et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.
Coquet, J.M. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:2827.
Vogelzang, A. et al. (2008) Immunity 29:127.
Korn, T. et al. (2007) Nature 448:484.
Nurieva, R. et al. (2007) Nature 448:480.
Asao, H. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1.
Zotos, D. et al. (2010) J. Exp. Med. 207:365.
Rankin, A.L. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:667.
Jin, H. et al. (2009) J. Clin. Invest. 119:47.
Frohlich, A. et al. (2009) Science 324:1576.
Yi, J.S., et al. (2009) Science 324:1572.
Peluso, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:732.
Bucher, C. et al. (2009) Blood 114:5375.
Kasaian, M.T. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:559.
Tamagawa-Mineoka, R. et al. (2011) J. Invest. Dermatol. 131:1513.
Ma, J. et al. (2011) Cytokine 56:133.
Rahman, M. et al. (2007) FEBS Lett. 581:4001.

Long Name

Interleukin 21

Entrez Gene IDs

59067 (Human); 60505 (Mouse); 365769 (Rat); 442935 (Canine); 100344172 (Rabbit)

Alternate Names

CVID11; IL21; IL-21; IL-21Za11interleukin-21; interleukin 21; interleukin-21 isoform; Za11

Manufacturing Specifications

Animal-Free Manufacturing Conditions
Our dedicated controlled-access animal-free laboratories ensure that at no point in production are the products exposed to potential contamination by animal components or byproducts. Every stage of manufacturing is conducted in compliance with R&D Systems' stringent Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Production and purification procedures use equipment and media that are confirmed animal-free.

Production

All molecular biology procedures use animal-free media and dedicated labware.
Dedicated fermentors are utilized in committed animal-free areas.

Purification

Protein purification columns are animal-free.
Bulk proteins are filtered using animal-free filters.
Purified proteins are stored in animal-free containers in a dedicated cold storage room.

Quality Assurance

Low Endotoxin Level.
No impairment of biological activity.
High quality product obtained under stringent conditions.
For ex vivo research or bioproduction, additional documentation can be provided.

Please read our complete Animal-Free Statement.