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Recombinant Human S100A4 Protein, CF

Catalog #: 4137-S4
5 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS
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4137-S4-050
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Citations (5)
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Recombinant Human S100A4 Protein, CF Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.01 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured by its ability to enhance neurite outgrowth of dissociated E13 chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Able to significantly enhance neurite outgrowth when immobilized as a 3 µL droplet containing 90 ng on a nitrocellulose-coated microplate.
Source
E. coli-derived human S100A4 protein
Ala2-Lys101, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Accession #
NP_002952
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Ala2
Predicted Molecular Mass
12.4 kDa

Product Datasheets

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4137-S4

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

4137-S4

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS and DTT.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: S100A4

S100A4 (also metastasin, Mtsl and calvasculin) is an 11 kDa member of the S100 (soluble in 100% saturated ammonium sulfate) family of proteins (1 - 5). The S100 family is further classified as a member of the EF-hand superfamily of Ca++-binding proteins. These participate in both calcium-dependent and calcium-independent protein-protein interactions. The hallmark of this superfamily is the EF-hand motif that consists of a Ca++-binding site flanked by two alpha -helices (helix E and helix F) that were originally identified in a right-handed model of carp muscle calcium-binding protein (6). Human S100A4 is 101 amino acids (aa) in length (1, 2). It contains two EF hand domains, one between aa 12 - 47, and a second between aa 50 - 85. The first domain has a 14 aa cation-binding motif and binds Ca++ with low affinity. The second Ca++-binding motif is 12 aa in length and binds Ca++ with high affinity. S100A4 has no classical signal sequence but is secreted from cells (3, 7). Human S100A4 shares 93% and 95% aa identity with mouse and canine S100A4, respectively. S100A4 reportedly exists as a dimer (8, 9, 10). Extracellular S100A4 is reported to induce MMP production, activate MMPs, promote neurite outgrowth and stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation (4, 10, 11, 12, 13). Within the cell, dimers are likely the functional unit. Here, they are constitutive homo- or heterodimers (with S100A1) that interact with Ca++, undergo a conformational change, and subsequently bind to cytoplasmic targets. Known targets include p53, myosin heavy chain II, F-actin and liprin beta 1 (4, 14). In general, it can be said that S100A4 blocks target phosphorylation and multimerization (4, 7, 14). S100A4 activity has been associated with cell transformation. It seems likely this is either coincidental, or a consequence, rather than a cause of transformation (3).

References
  1. Engelkamp, D. et al. (1992) Biochemistry 31:10258.
  2. Tomida, Y. et al. (1992) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 189:1310.
  3. Garrett, S.C. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:677.
  4. Santamaria-Kisiel, L. et al. (2006) Biochem. J. 396:201.
  5. Donato, R. (2001) Int. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 33:637.
  6. Kretsinger, R.H. and C.E. Nockolds (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248:3313.
  7. Helfman, D.M. et al. (2005) Br. J. Cancer 92:1955.
  8. Burkitt, W.I. et al. (2003) Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31:985.
  9. Vallaly, K.M. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:12670.
  10. Novitskaya, V. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:41278.
  11. Stary, M. et al. (2006) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 343:555.
  12. Semov, A. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:20833.
  13. Saleem, M. et al. (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:14825.
  14. Kriajevska, M. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:5229.
Long Name
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4
Entrez Gene IDs
6275 (Human); 20198 (Mouse); 24615 (Rat)
Alternate Names
18A2; 42A; Calvasculin; CAPL; CAPLS100 calcium binding protein A4 (calcium protein, calvasculin, metastasin; fibroblast-specific protein-1,42A; FSP1; leukemia multidrug resistance associated protein; malignant transformation suppression 1; Metastasin; MTS1; murine placental homolog); P9KA; PEL98; Placental calcium-binding protein; Protein Mts1; protein S100-A4; S100 calcium binding protein A4; S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (calcium protein, calvasculin, metastasin, murine placental homolog); S100 calcium-binding protein A4; S100A4

Citations for Recombinant Human S100A4 Protein, CF

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

5 Citations: Showing 1 - 5
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  1. iTRAQ Proteomics Identified the Potential Biomarkers of Coronary Artery Lesion in Kawasaki Disease and In Vitro Studies Demonstrated That S100A4 Treatment Made HCAECs More Susceptible to Neutrophil Infiltration
    Authors: KP Weng, KJ Chien, SH Huang, LH Huang, PH Lin, Y Lin, WH Chang, CY Chen, SC Li
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022-10-23;23(21):.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  2. S100A4 promotes pancreatic cancer progression through a dual signaling pathway mediated by Src and focal adhesion kinase.
    Authors: Che P, Yang Y, Han X, Hu M, Sellers J, Londono-Joshi A, Cai G, Buchsbaum D, Christein J, Tang Q, Chen D, Li Q, Grizzle W, Lu Y, Ding Q
    Sci Rep, 2015-02-13;5(0):8453.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  3. The role of TG2 in regulating S100A4-mediated mammary tumour cell migration.
    Authors: Wang Z, Griffin M
    PLoS ONE, 2013-03-01;8(3):e57017.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. S100P-derived RAGE antagonistic peptide reduces tumor growth and metastasis.
    Clin. Cancer Res., 2012-06-20;18(16):4356-64.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Binding Assay
  5. Complement C3a, CpG oligos, and DNA/C3a complex stimulate IFN-alpha production in a receptor for advanced glycation end product-dependent manner.
    Authors: Ruan BH, Li X, Winkler AR, Cunningham KM, Kuai J, Greco RM, Nocka KH, Fitz LJ, Wright JF, Pittman DD, Tan XY, Paulsen JE, Lin LL, Winkler DG
    J. Immunol., 2010-09-03;185(7):4213-22.
    Species: Human
    Sample Types: Recombinant Protein
    Applications: Binding Assay

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