Recombinant Human Thioredoxin 80 Protein, CF Summary
Product Specifications
Val2-Lys81
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
2329-TX
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Tris, EDTA and DTT. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 500 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
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Reconstitution Calculator
Background: Thioredoxin-80
Human thioredoxin 80 (Trx80) is a proteolytic cleavage product of a larger precursor termed thioredoxin. Thioredoxin (Trx) ia a 12 - 14 kDa nonglycosylated monomeric 105 amino acid (aa) polypeptide that is synthesized by a wide variety of cells (1 - 3). Trx is a member of the thioredoxin family of proteins that contains a key Cys-X-Tyr-Cys motif that participates in redox reactions (4). Trx is considered the principal disulfide reductase in cells (2, 5). Although it possesses no definitive signal sequence, Trx is secreted and is considered to be the only extracellularly occurring thioredoxin. Trx80, by contrast, is a 10 kDa proteolytic cleavage product of Trx that contains the N-terminal 80 aa residues of Trx (5, 6). This form contains the key CGYC motif found in Trx and shares the same 3-dimensional globular structure as Trx. However, the differences between the molecules are significant. Trx80 lacks Trx’s C-terminus and has no oxidoreductase activity. Trx also circulates as a monomer while Trx80 exists a nondisulfide-linked dimer. Endogenous Trx80 is localized on the plasma membrane of monocytes and macrophages, while Trx is found on the cell surface of various cell types (7). Trx80 also shows significant cytokine activity while Trx has none (5). Cytokine activities attributed to Trx80 include the enhancement of eosinophil ADCC (2), the inducement of monocyte proliferation and maturation to a unique IL-10 secreting phenotype, and the upregulation of monocyte membrane CD14, CD40, CD54/ICAM-1, and CD86/B7 (5, 8). A receptor for Trx80 has not been identified. Human Trx80 is 89% aa identical to mouse and rat Trx80, and 35% aa identical to B. subtilis Trx.
- Wollman, E.E. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:15506.
- Balcewicz-Sablinska, M.K. et al. (1991) J. Immunol. 147:2170.
- Yamawaki, H. et al. (2003) Circ. Res. 93:1029.
- Rundlof, A.-K. and E. Arner (2004) Antioxid. Redox Signal. 6:41.
- Pekkari, K. and A. Holmgren (2004) Antioxid. Redox Signal. 6:53.
- Nakamura, H. (2004) Antioxid. Redox Signal. 6:15.
- Pekkari, K. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:37474.
- Pekkari, K. et al. (2004) Blood 105:1598.
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