Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein
Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein Summary
Product Specifications
Gly13-Ser164
Analysis
Product Datasheets
Carrier Free
CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
6996-IL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, NaCl, TCEP, EDTA, CHAPS and PEG 8000 with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
6996-IL/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in MES, NaCl, TCEP, EDTA, CHAPS and PEG 8000 with Trehalose. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage: | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Scientific Data
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Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma /IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) (Catalog # 6996-IL) induces IL-6 secretion in the NIH‑3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The ED50 for this effect is 3-18 ng/mL.
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1 µg/lane of Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma /IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing a single band at 17 kDa.
Reconstitution Calculator
Background: IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9
IL-36 gamma [previously called IL-1F9, IL-1 epsilon (epsilon), and IL-1H1] is a member of the IL-1 family which includes IL‑1 beta, IL‑1 alpha, IL‑1ra, IL‑18, IL‑36 Ra (IL‑1F5), IL-36 alpha (IL‑1F6), IL‑36 beta (IL‑1F8), IL‑37 (IL‑1F7) and IL-1F10 (1-5). All family members show a 12 beta -strand, beta ‑trefoil configuration, and are believed to have arisen from a common ancestral gene (2, 3). Mouse IL‑36 gamma is an 18-22 kDa, 164 amino acid (aa) intracellular and secreted protein that contains no signal sequence, no prosegment and no potential N‑linked glycosylation sites (1, 2, 4, 6, 7). Mouse IL‑36 gamma (aa 13-164) shares 58%, 84%, 64% and 60% aa sequence identity with human, rat, equine and bovine IL‑36 gamma, respectively, and 23-57% aa sequence identity with other family members. A 193 aa mouse isoform with a 29 aa N‑terminal extension has been reported (8). Highest levels of IL‑36 gamma are produced by Langerhans cells, keratinocytes, and stomach Chief cells and parietal cells; these cells contribute to first‑line defense against pathogens in the skin, lungs and digestive tract (2, 3, 6, 9). Its expression is induced by LPS treatment of monocytes, and by IL‑ alpha / beta, IL‑17 or TNF‑ alpha treatment of keratinocytes and bronchial epithelia (1, 6, 7, 9-11). Skin IL-36 gamma expression is increased in contact hypersensitivity and psoriasis (1, 6, 11). It is elevated in inflammatory disorders of the lung (such as asthma) and viral infections. Lung IL‑36 gamma and other IL‑36 proteins contribute to neutrophil influx (4, 7, 10). The receptor for IL-36 gamma is a combination of IL‑1 Rrp2, mainly found in epithelia and keratinocytes, and the widely expressed IL‑1 RAcP (4, 7, 9). IL‑36 alpha, beta and gamma all activate NF‑ kappa B and MAPK pathways in an IL‑1 Rrp2 dependent manner, and IL‑36 gamma induces production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as CXCL8/IL‑8 (7, 9, 10). Full-length recombinant IL-36 proteins appear less active than their endogenous counterparts, but trimming of the N-termini enhances their activity (12).
- Kumar, S. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:10308.
- Busfield, S.J. et al. (2000) Genomics 66:213.
- Dunn, E. et al. (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:533.
- Barksby, H.E. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 149:217.
- Dinarello, C. et al. (2010) Nat. Immunol. 11:973.
- Debets, R. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1440.
- Chustz, R.T. et al. (2010) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 45:145.
- NCBI Accession # NP_705731.2.
- Towne, J.E. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:13677.
- Ramadas, R.A. et al. (2011) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 44:134.
- Johnston, A. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:2613.
- Blumberg, H. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:4354.
Citations for Recombinant Mouse IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 (aa 13-164) Protein
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Citations: Showing 1 - 7
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IL-36/IL-36R Signaling Promotes CD4+ T Cell-Dependent Colitis via Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Production
Authors: Maarouf, M;Kuczma, M;Denning, TL;
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Targeting IL-36 improves age-related coronary microcirculatory dysfunction and attenuates myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice
Authors: J El-Awaisi, DP Kavanagh, MR Rink, CJ Weston, NE Drury, N Kalia
JCI Insight, 2022-03-08;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Interleukin-36gamma aggravates macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis progression in ApoE knockout mice
Authors: M Zhang, J Liu, R Gao, Y Hu, L Lu, C Liu, L Ai, J Pan, L Tian, J Fan
Cytokine, 2021-07-07;146(0):155630.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
Opposing Effects of IL-1Ra and IL-36Ra on Innate Immune Response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in C57BL/6 Mouse Corneas
Authors: N Gao, R Me, C Dai, B Seyoum, FX Yu
J. Immunol., 2018-06-11;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: In Vivo
Applications: In Vivo -
A cytokine network involving IL-36?, IL-23, and IL-22 promotes antimicrobial defense and recovery from intestinal barrier damage
Authors: VL Ngo, H Abo, E Maxim, A Harusato, D Geem, O Medina-Con, D Merlin, AT Gewirtz, A Nusrat, TL Denning
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2018-05-14;0(0):.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: Bioassay -
Autocrine and Paracrine Regulation of Keratinocyte Proliferation through a Novel Nrf2-IL-36? Pathway
J Immunol, 2016-04-25;196(11):4663-70.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay -
Interleukin-36gamma is expressed by neutrophils and can activate microglia, but has no role in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Authors: Bozoyan L, Dumas A, Patenaude A, Vallieres L
J Neuroinflammation, 2015-09-17;12(0):173.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Whole Cells
Applications: Bioassay
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