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Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein

Catalog #: 469-VD
6 Citations Datasheet / COA / SDS

Carrier Free

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
469-VD-025/CF

With Carrier

Catalog # Availability Size / Price Qty
469-VD-025
R&D Systems Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
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Product Details
Citations (6)
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Summary Product Datasheets Carrier Free Data Images Reconstitution Calculator Background Related Research Areas

Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein Summary

Product Specifications

Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using HMVEC human microvascular endothelial cells. Marconcini, L. et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:9671. The ED50 for this effect is 0.2‑0.8 µg/mL. Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized rmFlt-4/Fc Chimera at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind rmVEGF-D with an apparent KD < 50 nM.
Source
Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived mouse VEGF-D protein
Phe98-Ser206, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Accession #
P97946
N-terminal Sequence
Analysis
Phe98
Predicted Molecular Mass
13 kDa
SDS-PAGE
14-20 kDa, reducing conditions

Product Datasheets

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469-VD (with carrier)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

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469-VD/CF (carrier free)

Product Datasheet
COA
SDS

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

469-VD

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

469-VD/CF

Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage: Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Reconstitution Calculator

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: VEGF-D

Vascular endothelia growth factor D (VEGF-D), also known as c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), is a secreted glycoprotein of the VEGF/PDGF family. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and tumor growth, and are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues that form a cysteine-knot structure (1 - 3). VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which share 23% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, are uniquely expressed as preproproteins that contain long N- and C-terminal propeptide extensions around the VEGF homology domain (VHD) (1, 2). Proteolytic processing of either 358 aa or 326 aa splice forms of mouse VEGF-D preproprotein creates a secreted proprotein. Further processing by extracellular serine proteases, such as plasmin or furin-like proprotein convertases, forms mature VEGF-D consisting of non-covalently linked 42 kDa homodimers of the 117 aa VHD (4 - 7). Mature mouse VEGF-D shares 94%, 99%, 93%, 91% and 89% aa identity with the VHD of human, rat, equine, canine and bovine VEGF-D, respectively. It is expressed in adult lung, heart, muscle, and small intestine, and is most abundantly expressed in fetal lungs and skin (1 - 4). Mouse and human VEGF-D are ligands for VEGF receptor 3 (VEGF-R3, also called Flt-4) that are active across species and show enhanced affinity when processed (8). Unlike human VEGF-D, which is also a ligand for VEGF-R2 (also called Flk-1 or KDR), mouse VEGF-D does not bind to VEGF-R2 (8). VEGF-R3 is strongly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for regulation of the growth and differentiation of lymphatic endothelium (1, 2). While VEGF-C is the critical ligand for VEGF-R3 during embryonic lymphatic development, VEGF-D is most active in neonatal lymphatic maturation and bone growth (9 - 11). Both promote tumor lymphangiogenesis (12). Consonant with their activity on VEGF receptors, binding of VEGF-C and VEGF-D to neuropilins contributes to VEGF-R3 signaling in lymphangiogenesis, while binding to integrin alpha 9 beta 1 mediates endothelial cell adhesion and migration (13, 14).

References
  1. Roy, H. et al. (2006) FEBS Lett. 580:2879.
  2. Otrock, Z.H. et al. (2007) Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 38:258.
  3. Orlandini, M. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11675.
  4. Stacker, S.A. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:32127.
  5. McColl, B.K. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:863.
  6. McColl, B.K. et al. (2007) FASEB J. 21:1088.
  7. Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:44307.
  8. Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:19166.
  9. Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:2441.
  10. Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) Am. J. Pathol. 169:708.
  11. Orlandini, M. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:17961.
  12. Stacker, S.A. et al. (2001) Nature Med. 7:186.
  13. Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) FASEB J. 20:1462.
  14. Vlahakis, N.E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:4544.
Long Name
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/cFos-induced Growth Factor
Entrez Gene IDs
2277 (Human); 14205 (Mouse)
Alternate Names
c-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D); FIGF; vascular endothelial growth factor D; VEGFD; VEGF-D; VEGF-DVEGFDc-Fos-induced growth factor

Citations for Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein

R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.

6 Citations: Showing 1 - 6
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  1. VEGFD Protects Retinal Ganglion Cells and, consequently, Capillaries against Excitotoxic Injury
    Authors: A Schlüter, B Aksan, R Diem, R Fairless, D Mauceri
    Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev, 2019-12-25;17(0):281-299.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: In Vivo
  2. Growth factor signaling regulates mechanical nociception in flies and vertebrates
    Authors: R Lopez-Bell, S Puig, PJ Huang, CR Tsai, HN Turner, MJ Galko, HB Gutstein
    J. Neurosci., 2019-05-28;0(0):.
    Species: Rat
    Sample Types: In Vivo
    Applications: Bioassay, In Vivo
  3. Histone deacetylase 4 shapes neuronal morphology via a mechanism involving regulation of expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D
    Authors: C Litke, H Bading, D Mauceri
    J. Biol. Chem., 2018-04-09;0(0):.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  4. TGFbeta signaling in myeloid cells regulates mammary carcinoma cell invasion through fibroblast interactions.
    Authors: Shaw A, Pickup M, Chytil A, Aakre M, Owens P, Moses H, Novitskiy S
    PLoS ONE, 2015-01-28;10(1):e0117908.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  5. Genetic marking of hematopoietic stem and endothelial cells: identification of the Tmtsp gene encoding a novel cell surface protein with the thrombospondin-1 domain.
    Authors: Takayanagi S, Hiroyama T, Yamazaki S, Nakajima T, Morita Y, Usui J, Eto K, Motohashi T, Shiomi K, Keino-Masu K, Masu M, Oike Y, Mori S, Yoshida N, Iwama A, Nakauchi H
    Blood, 2006-02-02;107(11):4317-25.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay
  6. Loss of Tie2 receptor compromises embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial but not hematopoietic cell survival.
    Authors: Hamaguchi I, Morisada T, Azuma M, Murakami K, Kuramitsu M, Mizukami T, Ohbo K, Yamaguchi K, Oike Y, Dumont DJ, Suda T
    Blood, 2005-10-11;107(3):1207-13.
    Species: Mouse
    Sample Types: Whole Cells
    Applications: Bioassay

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