Jody Bonnevier, Nathan Downing, Sherry Lin, Joy Aho, Ernesto Resnik & Jessie Ni
ABSTRACT
We have developed new MagCellect™ kits for the isolation of untouched natural killer (NK) cells from both mouse and human preparations. The new kits achieve levels of purity as high as 95%. Undesired populations are negatively depleted using a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies that specifically react with non-NK cell populations. These cell types are then tagged with magnetic beads and separated from the desired NK cells. A typical isolation is achieved in 45 minutes. We have used the most recent and established markers and techniques to extensively characterize the isolated NK cells. We show here that the highly pure NK cell populations (both mouse and human) express NK cell-specific markers (i.e., NKp46, Nkp80, NKp30, CD56, NKG2D, KIR3DL1, and NTB-A in human, and NKp46, NKG2D, and CD49b in mouse samples). We also tested the functionality of the isolated NK cells. Isolated human NK cells were probed in a degranulation assay by measuring the expression of CD107a (LAMP-1) using flow cytometry after stimulation of isolated NK cells with myelogenous leukemia K562 cells. We compared the efficacy of our new MagCellect NK cell kits to other marketed systems, with typically better or similar results. In addition, unlike other commercially available kits that require brand-specific magnets and supplies, our kits were developed to work with most available magnets and with or without columns, providing more flexibility, simplicity, and cost-efficacy.
MATERIALS & METHODS
Mouse Sample Preparation:
A single cell suspension from Balb/C mouse spleen was resuspended in 1X MagCellect Plus buffer. Cell clumps and/or debris were removed by passing through a 40-70 μm nylon cell strainer. 50 million cells were used in a typical NK cell isolation.
Human Sample Preparation:
A single cell suspension of PBMC was prepared on a Ficoll Hypaque density gradient and resuspended in 1X MagCellect buffer. 50 million cells were used in a typical NK cell isolation.
Isolation of NK Cells:
50 million mouse splenocytes or human PBMC were first incubated with MagCellect NK cell depletion cocktail for 15 minutes at 4°C, followed by the addition of streptavidin-conjugated magnetic ferrofluid for another 15 minutes. Cells were subsequently placed in a magnet for 6 minutes and NK cells in the supernatant were collected. Isolated cells were characterized and their functionality tested.
All other methods are detailed with the data.
RESULTS
Isolation of NK Cells
Example of enrichment of NK cells from mouse Balb/C splenocytes using the MagCellect Mouse NK Cell Enrichment Kit (R&D Systems, Catalog # MAGM210).
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Figure 1. Cells before (panel A) and after (panel B) enrichment were double-stained with APC-conjugated anti-mouse CD49b (DX5) and PE-conjugated anti-mouse NKp46 (R&D Systems) to specifically label the NK cell population. Two small populations with dim staining for DX5 and NKp46 were also enriched (panel C). |
Comparing Mouse MagCellect Kit to another Available Kit
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Figure 2. The MagCellect enrichment profiles for NKp46 and mCD49B are comparable to the competition and can be used with multiple commercially available magnet systems. |
Using MagCellect Mouse NK Cell Isolation Kit (R&D Systems, Catalog # MAGM210) in Combination with Competitors' Magnets and Columns
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Figure 3. Enrichment of NK cells from Balb/C mice using R&D Systems MagCellect Mouse NK Cell Isolation Kit (Catalog # MAGM210) in combination with either A) R&D Systems MagCellect Magnet (Catalog # MAG997), B) Miltenyi Biotec magnet (Catalog # 130-042-302) and LS columns (Catalog # 130-042-401) or C) StemCell Technologies magnet (Catalog # 18000). |
Example of enrichment of NK cells from human PBMC using R&D Systems MagCellect Human NK Cell Enrichment Kit (Catalog # MAGH109).
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Figure 4. Cells before and after enrichment were double-stained with an APC-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human CD3 Monoclonal Antibody (R&D Systems Catalog # FAB100A) and a PE-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human CD56 Monoclonal Antibody (R&D Systems Catalog # FAB2408P). CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells are shown in green and blue respectively. C. The enrichment profile is also shown in a histogram. |
Phehenotypic Characterzation of Isolated NK Cells
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Figure 5. A. Enrichment profiles using R&D Systems fluorescently-labeled monoclonal antibodies.
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Assays to Test the Functionality of Isolated NK Cells
NK Cell Degranulation Assay
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Figure 6. Enriched human NK cells were functional as demonstrated with a CD107a degranulation potential assay. NK cells were incubated with K562 target cells at an effector/target (E/T) ratio of 2:1 for 3 hours (Ravet, S. et al (2007) Blood 109:4296). Cells were then stained with an APC-conjugated Mouse Anti-Human CD107a/LAMP-1 Monoclonal Antibody (R&D Systems Catalog # IC4800A) and analyzed by flow cytometry. |
Granzyme Expression in Isolated NK Cells
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Figure 7. Cells were stained with a Mouse Anti-Human NKp46 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1850) followed by NorthenLights™ 493-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG (Catalog # NL003; green), and with a Mouse Anti-Human Granzyme B Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB2906) followed by NorthenLights 557-conjugated Anti-Mouse IgG (Catalog # NL007; red). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). |
For research use only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
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