Synaptic Neurotransmission Pathways: GABAergic Inhibition
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Neuron
SNAT2
SNAT2
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EAAT4
EAAT4
GABA
transporters
GABA
transporters
GABA-A R alpha 2
GABA-A R alpha 4
GABA-A R alpha 5
GABA-A R alpha 6
GABA-A R beta 1
GABA-A R beta 2
GABA-A R beta 3
GABA-A R gamma 2
GABA-A R delta
GABA-A Receptor Agonists
GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
GABA-A Receptor Benzodiazepines
GABA-A Receptor Modulators
GABA-B R1
GABA-B R2
GABA-B Receptor Agonists
GABA-B Receptor Antagonists
GABA-B Receptor Modulators
GABA B Receptor Compounds
GABA-C Receptor Antagonists
GABA Transporter Inhibitors
Additional GABA Compounds
GABA
transporter
GABA
transporter
GABA-A R alpha 2
GABA-A R alpha 4
GABA-A R alpha 5
GABA-A R alpha 6
GABA-A R beta 1
GABA-A R beta 2
GABA-A R beta 3
GABA-A R gamma 2
GABA-A R delta
GABA-A Receptor Agonists
GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
GABA-A Receptor Benzodiazepines
GABA-A Receptor Modulators
GABA-B R1
GABA-B R2
GABA-B Receptor Agonists
GABA-B Receptor Antagonists
GABA-B Receptor Modulators
GABA B Receptor Compounds
GABA-C Receptor Antagonists
GABA Transporter Inhibitors
Additional GABA Compounds
Hyperpolarization
Hyperpolarization
Neuron
Neuron
GABA-A R alpha 2
GABA-A R alpha 4
GABA-A R alpha 5
GABA-A R alpha 6
GABA-A R beta 1
GABA-A R beta 2
GABA-A R beta 3
GABA-A R gamma 2
GABA-A R delta
GABA-A Receptor Agonists
GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
GABA-A Receptor Benzodiazepines
GABA-A Receptor Modulators
GABA-C Receptor Antagonists
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SNAT5
SNAT5
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GABA-A R alpha 2
GABA-A R alpha 4
GABA-A R alpha 5
GABA-A R alpha 6
GABA-A R beta 1
GABA-A R beta 2
GABA-A R beta 3
GABA-A R gamma 2
GABA-A R delta
GABA-A Receptor Agonists
GABA-A Receptor Antagonists
GABA-A Receptor Benzodiazepines
GABA-A Receptor Modulators
GABA-B R1
GABA-B R2
GABA-B Receptor Agonists
GABA-B Receptor Antagonists
GABA-B Receptor Modulators
GABA B Receptor Compounds
GABA-C Receptor Antagonists
GABA Transporter Inhibitors
Additional GABA Compounds
Overview of Synaptic Neurotransmission: GABAergic Inhibition
The long-term stability and function of neuronal networks is dependent on a maintained balance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is converted from glutamate by the enzyme Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD). Similar to glutamate receptors (GluRs), GABA receptors are ionotropic (GABA-A) or metabotropic (GABA-B). GABA-A receptors are heteropentameric ligand-gated ion channels that selectively permit the influx of Cl- and HCO3- ions to decrease membrane excitability. Extremely heterologous with at least nineteen known subunit genes, GABA-A receptors mediate the majority of fast synaptic inhibition. Metabotropic GABA-B receptors are G protein-coupled heterodimers of GABA-B1 and GABA-B2. They are expressed on both the presynaptic and postsynaptic terminals where they inhibit neurotransmitter release and induce cell membrane hyperpolarization, respectively. A third group of receptors was originally classified as GABA-C. These receptors are now considered as members of the GABA-A family.
To learn more, please visit our GABA Receptors Research Area.
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